更新时间：2024-03-25 02:45作者：小乐
第一部分写作（30 分钟）
Directions: 在这一部分中，您有30 分钟的时间在校报上撰写有关学生会组织的志愿者活动的新闻报道，以帮助附近的老年人。您应该写至少120 个字但不超过180 个字。
[参考样本]
6月14日星期五，学生会组织了一次志愿者活动，许多学生积极参与，参观了当地的敬老院，活动取得了巨大成功。
此次活动旨在鼓励学生到敬老院看望老人，帮助老人解决身体和心理上的问题。许多学生自愿参与到这项公益活动中，为这里的老人做饭、洗衣服、陪他们聊天。当被问及志愿者们对这次经历的感受时，他们都微笑着说：“这是一次多么美妙的实践，我真的很感激这次经历，因为它让我学会了更多地关心有需要的人。”
总而言之，这次活动不仅对于探访的老人来说是成功的，对于参与其中的学生来说也是如此。
【参考样本翻译】
6月14日星期五，学生会组织了志愿者活动，参观了当地一家疗养院。许多同学积极参与，活动取得了圆满成功。
此次志愿者活动旨在探望当地养老院的老人，帮助他们解决各种困难。不少同学主动参与到这项公益行动中，帮助老人洗衣做饭，倾诉解闷，尽己所能提供帮助。当被问及参加这次活动的想法时，他们无一例外地回答说：“太有意义了，我很感激这次经历，它教会了我更多地关心那些需要帮助的人。”
总而言之，这次活动非常成功，不仅对老人来说，对参赛的学生来说也是如此。
第二部分听力理解（25分钟）
A部分
Directions: 在本节中，您将听到三则新闻报道。在每篇新闻报道的最后，你都会听到两到三个问题。新闻报道和提问均仅发言一次。听到问题后，您必须从标有A)、B)、C) 和D) 的四个选项中选择最佳答案。然后在答题纸1 上用一条穿过中心的单线标记相应的字母。
问题1和2是根据你刚才听到的新闻报道得出的。
1.A)他创下了游泳往返岛屿的纪录。
B) 他在一个小岛上庆祝了九岁生日。
C)他参观了位于遥远岛屿上的一座监狱。
D）他绕着旧金山附近的一个小岛游了泳。
2.A)他将奖励加倍。
B)他一路为他加油。
C）他为他树立了榜样。
D）他在电视上报道了这一事件。
问题3和4是根据你刚才听到的新闻报道提出的。
3.A）结束独生子女政策。
B）鼓励晚婚。
C) 提高工作效率。
D）给人们更多的时间去旅行。
4.A)他们不会受到年轻人的欢迎。
B) 它们将有助于普及早婚。
C）它们将促进中国的经济增长。
D) 它们不会立即生效。
问题5至7是根据你刚才听到的新闻报道得出的。
5.A) 世界各地对清洁服务的需求量很大。
B) 两位女士放弃高薪工作去打扫卫生。
C) 一家新公司在聚会后清理混乱。
D) 清洁工在晚上和周末有报酬。
6.A)需要很多时间来准备。
B）它让房子变得一团糟。
C）它让参加聚会的人精疲力尽。
D）它会产生噪音和不当行为。
7.A) 聘请澳大利亚律师。
B) 访问美国和加拿大。
C) 解决法律纠纷。
D）扩大业务。
B部分
Directions: 在本部分中，您将听到两个长对话。在每次对话结束时，您都会听到四个问题。对话和问题都只会说一次。听到问题后，您必须从标记为A)、B)、C) 和D) 的四个选项中选择最佳答案。然后在答卷1 上用一条穿过中心的线标记相应的字母。
问题8 至11 基于您刚刚听到的对话。
8.A)他上了驾驶课。
B）他拿到了驾驶执照。
C)他参加了驾驶员理论考试。
D)他通过了驾驶员路考。
9.A) 他没有做好充分准备。
B) 他没有及时参加考试。
C)他不习惯测试形式。
D）他没有遵循测试程序。
10.A) 他们很坚强。
B）它们成本高昂。
C）他们很有帮助。
D）它们太短了。
11.A) 第一次通过路考。
B）在高速公路上试驾几次。
C) 寻找经验丰富的驾驶教练。
D) 赚足够的钱来参加驾驶课程。
问题12 至15 基于您刚刚听到的对话。
12.A) 女性学习的地方。
B）利兹大学的录取率。
C)利兹国际学生的学费。
D) 如何申请大学学习。
13.A) 申请美国大学。
B) 进行高等教育研究。
C）在著名音乐剧中表演。
D) 攻读研究生课程。
14.A) 他的有利建议。
B) 他杰出的音乐天赋。
C）他的学术成就。
D）他独特的经历。
15. A) 攻读硕士学位。
B) 在英国定居。
C) 广泛旅行。
D）在海外任教。
C部分
Directions: 在本节中，您将听到三个段落。在每段文章的结尾，你会听到三到四个问题。文章和问题都只会说一次。听到问题后，您必须从标记为A)、B)、C) 和D) 的四个选项中选择最佳答案。然后在答卷1 上用一条穿过中心的线标记相应的字母。
第16 至18 题是根据您刚刚听到的段落而提出的。
16. A) 它们帮助农民控制疾病。
B) 许多物种对科学家来说仍然未知。
C) 只有少数物种会给人类带来麻烦。
D）它们生活在组织极其良好的群体中。
17. A) 它们比许多其他物种都大。
B) 它们会对人们的房屋造成损坏。
C）它们可以在没有水的情况下生存很长时间。
D) 它们喜欢在电气单位中形成群体。
18. A) 拒绝他们获取任何食物。
B) 保持门窗关闭。
C) 摧毁他们附近的殖民地。
D) 避免吃含糖食物。
第19 至21 题是根据你刚才听到的段落做的。
19. A) 人体免疫系统的功能。
B) 各种自身免疫性疾病的病因。
C) 可能感染人体免疫系统的病毒。
D）随着年龄的增长，人们的免疫系统发生变化。
20. A) 报告他们的疾病。
B) 提供血液样本。
C) 担任研究助理。
D) 帮助采访患者。
21. A) 增强人们对感染的免疫力。
B) 更好地了解患者的免疫系统。
C) 帮助改善老年人的健康状况。
D）进一步减少老年患者的医疗费用。
第22 至25 题是基于您刚刚听到的段落。
22. A) 他的学生彼此相处困难。
B) 很多孩子留在学校做作业。
C) 他的学生很难跟上他的课程。
D) 一群孩子放学后正在下棋。
23. A) 参观纳什维尔的一支国际象棋队。
B) 加入学校的国际象棋队。
C) 参加全国象棋比赛。
D) 接受国际象棋比赛训练。
24. A) 他们大多数来自低收入家庭。
B) 许多人成为了全国象棋冠军。
C) 他们中的一些人参与了犯罪活动。
D）许多人毕业后成为国际象棋教练。
25. A) 行动胜于雄辩。
B) 采取行动之前要三思而后行。
C) 将他们的话转化为行动。
D) 在为时已晚之前采取行动。
第三部分阅读理解（40 分钟）
A部分
Directions: 在本节中，有一段有十个空格。您需要从文章后面的单词库中给出的选项列表中为每个空白选择一个单词。在做出选择之前仔细阅读该段落。银行中的每个选择都由一个字母标识。请在答题卡2 上的每个项目上用一条穿过中心的单线标记相应的字母。您不得多次使用银行中的任何单词。
过去十年中，美国汽车创新中心已移至2,000 英里之外。从底特律到硅谷，有26 条路，自动驾驶汽车正在那里投入使用。
在将生产带回底特律的27 项计划中，密歇根州立法者提出了28 项计划，这可能使该州成为美国乃至全世界开发自动驾驶汽车并将其上路的最佳地点。
“密歇根州在汽车研发领域排名第29 位，正受到多个州和国家的攻击，这些州和国家希望我们在交通领域的领先地位达到第30 位。我们不能让这种情况发生，”参议员迈克·科沃尔(Mike Kowall) 说道，他是最近提出的四项法案中第31 项法案的带头人。
如果所有四项法案都按规定通过，他们将32 对密歇根州2013 年的法律进行重大更新，该法律允许在有限的条件下测试自动驾驶汽车。制造商几乎可以完全自由地在公共道路上测试他们的自动驾驶技术。允许派出一组自动驾驶汽车进行跨州公路旅行，甚至可以按需设置33 辆自动驾驶汽车，就像通用汽车和Lyft 正在建造的那样。
密歇根州的立法者显然希望让该州为自动驾驶技术的商业应用做好准备。 34 硅谷所在地加利福尼亚州最近提出了35 条规则，要求人类驾驶员准备好掌控方向盘，以及自动驾驶技术的商业使用。
投标
B）对比
C) 副手
D统治地位
E) 舰队
F) 结
G）立法
H) 迁移
我）更换
J) 代表
k) 限制性的
L) 奖励
M) 显着
N) 赞助商
O) 传送
[参考答案]26-30 HAGDI31-35 NJEBK
B部分
Directions: 在本节中，您将阅读一篇带有十个陈述的段落，每个陈述包含其中一个段落中给出的信息。确定信息来源的段落。您可以多次选择一个段落。每个段落都标有一个字母。通过在答题卡2 上标记相应的字母来回答问题。
当我们大多数人活到100 岁时，工作将会发生怎样的变化
A) 如今美国有72,000 名百岁老人。全世界大概有450,000 个。如果目前的趋势继续下去，那么到2050 年，仅美国就有超过100 万。根据James Vaupel 教授及其同事的研究，50% 的婴儿出生于
the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107. B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity (长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it. C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer. D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age 29. E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties. F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it. G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship. H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained, 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills. I) It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two, three, or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer, yet another on making a socia Contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide Foundation for building a wide variety of skills. J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find tim rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist. K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills. L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences. M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent producer at any age. N）Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer. 36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now. 37. Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects. 38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years. 39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents. 40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century. 41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life. 42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills. 43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being. 44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life. 45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life. 【参考答案】 36-40 IGDNA 41-45 KHFMC Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. In the classic marriage vow（誓约）, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of porce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill. “Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of porce,” said researcher Amelia Karraker. Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50. The researchers examined how the onset（发生）of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in porce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic（慢性的）illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems. “We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,” Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re the noes who become ill, they’re more likely to get porced.” While the study didn’t assess why porce in more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, porced men have more choices among prospective partners than porced women.” Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of porce. “Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent porce at older ages,” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to porce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.” 46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage. B) They are as binding as they used to be. C) They are not taken seriously any more. D) They may help couples tide over hard times. 47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves. B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses. C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives. D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives. 48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill A) They are more likely to be widowed. B) They are more likely to get porced. C) They are less likely to receive good care. D) They are less likely to bother their spouses. 49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker A) They are more accustomed to receiving care. B) They find it more important to make money for the family. C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations. D) They expect society to do more of the job. 50. What does Karraker think is also important A) Reducing marital stress on wives. B) Stabilizing old couples’s relations. C) Providing extra care for porced women. D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs. Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you Did it mean she loved you less Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive (认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names. The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition,found that the “wrong” name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, “but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.” The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender. The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries. In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry. 51.How might people often feel when they were misnamed A)Unwanted. B)Unhappy. C)Confused. D)Indifferent. 52.What did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming A)It is related to the way our memories work. B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory. C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends. D)It often causes misunderstandings among people. 53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming A) Similar personality traits. B) Similar spellings of names. C) Similar physical appearance. D) Similar pronunciation of names. 54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming A) It more often than not hurts relationships. B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries. C) It is most frequently found in extended families. D) It most often occurs within a relationship groups. 55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers A) They suffer more frustrations. B) They become worn out more often. C) They communicate more with their children. D) They generally take on more work at home. Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。 【参考译文】 Paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese traditional folk art with a history of more than 2,000 years. Paper cutting probably originated in the Han Dynasty, following the invention of the paper. Since then, it has been spread widely in many parts of China. The materials and tools for paper cutting are simple: paper and scissors. Paper cutting works are usually made of red paper, because red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, in the wedding, the Spring Festival and other festive occasions, red paper cutting is the first choice of door and window decoration.